In improvised music such as Rock, Jazz and Blues it´s very common to find something to get you going. And Keep you going and on going...
In many ways it could be the melody itself, if it´s a good one, and in some cases it could be the chorus.
In the early blues, you´ll find "licks". That´s just keep going on and on. Maybe sometimes a little passage to the main melody, often used by musicians to start off the main melody .. a little bit of a "showing off" maybe...?
But to turn you on , you need a Wakeup call. That´s often called a "riff.".
In Jazzmusic it is very common, and you can find the riff not only in the beginning, but also in the middle of a tune. Just to get that little extra spice and groove. Sometimes it´s just the riff that holds up the whole tune, the riff can also stay in the same Key but the chords are changing... then we have something that´s close to "modes" and counterpoint.
Expert is Quicy Jones with his arrangements
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Count Basie, Duke Ellington, Woody Herman and Quincy Jones were experts to use blues riffs both whithin the arrangements and in the tune. Put them in the middle of a song... ? So was Glenn Miller.
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